We also talk about 'direct expansion' systmes but funnily enough nobody ever refers to an 'indirect expansion' system. Often shortened to 'DX', this actually means a system where the refrigerant goes directly from the expansion valve to the evaporator.
If you think all systems are like that, then you need to get out a bit more! The alternative is that the refrigerant goes from the expansion valve to a receiver and the liquid from there is circulated to the evaporators by pumps or gravity.
This means that the gas created during the expansion process does not go through the evaporator but passes straightto the compressor suction. Andy Pearson, Ph. This article may not be copied nor distributed in either paper or digital form by other parties without ASHRAE's permission. Star Refrigeration, the parent company of low charge ammonia manufacturer Azane Inc, has completed the man Leading US manufacturer of low charge ammonia refrigeration systems, Azane, have launched their new and imp Azane Inc will be Azanechiller 2.
All rights reserved. Associated costs are high. Indirect: With indirect cooling, the water is re-used repeatedly by being recycled in a closed loop system. The cooling media does not come into direct contact with the product, so no dust or emissions are created.
This eliminates the need for pollution control equipment and makes tight emission limits easier to meet. In addition, indirect bulk solids cooling minimizes product abrasion and degradation. A detailed comparison of the energy consumed by different types of cooling units demonstrates the significant degree to which indirect cooling of bulk solids outperforms direct cooling in terms of energy efficiency.
Direct: Consider total energy requirements for common types of direct cooling units. Although direct cooling appears, on first consideration, to be the most efficient method of cooling bulk solids, comparative analysis shows that indirect cooling offers much higher energy efficiency, as well as other advantages. The inherent problem with using air to directly cool bulk solids is the large quantity of air required and the expense involved in chilling, processing and cleaning that air.
As the comparative figures demonstrate, the total energy consumption of direct cooling technology can be as much as 25 times higher than that of indirect cooling. The beauty of indirect cooling is that the cooling water is already in the plant.
As well as low energy costs, it offers the advantages of improved product quality, no emissions, low space requirements and high retrofitting adaptability.
In short, indirect cooling technology is a simple, lean and more efficient means of cooling bulk solids. Relative humidity remained fairly constant at 60 percent. The result was agglomeration in the warehouse resulting in a high number of complaints from customers, subsequent returns and associated reprocessing costs.
Adding a cooling air conditioning system to the existing rotary dryer entailed unacceptably high energy consumption kW. Space restrictions in the refinery made it unfeasible to install a fluid bed dryer, and construction of a silo was not considered because of the high capital cost. The refinery chose to install Solex indirect cooling technology. The Solex Cooler offered low installation costs and low energy requirements with a total electrical consumption of only15 kW.
The new system produced effective cooling of the product, eliminated agglomeration problems, and increased customer satisfaction. As one of the largest sugar producer sin Europe, this refinery had increased production at its plant in Sweden by 40 percent over a three-year period. The engineers at the refinery carried out a two-week on-site pilot test of the Solex Sugar Cooler. The refinery reported that the equipment was compact and easy to install and the investment cost of the installation was lower than that of fluid bed and drum coolers.
Sugar quality was improved on two fronts: one, the product had a lower relative humidity than theoretically expected; and two, the Solex Cooler minimized abrasion of the product resulting in less sugar dust and a higher quality product.
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